NAME; AKINTOYE IFEOLUWA DEBORAH
MATRIC NO; 19/SMS02/007
DEPT ;ACCOUNTING/SMS
ASSINGMENT ; SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 8 IN TWO PAGES
          The success record of natural science In the eighteenth and nineteenth century was so enormous on the life of the people of Europe that they started trusting them with issues relating with science and non-science. The socio-cultural milieu in which positivism grew is called the renaissance  the enlightenment period, it is called the enlightenment period because it marked a period when people started a revolution of return to their Greek heritage of using reason in matters of public concern and not dictate religion as in the age prior to this perfection. Romanticism gave rise to humanism and naturalism and work of art and literature produced at this time were also regarded as classic . Bertrand Russell said ‘the period of history which is differs from that of the medieval period in many ways. Which are the diminishing authority of the church and the increasing authority of science. Science was restricted to the study of natural phenomena because it was the only material that was believed to behave in a regular and predictable way, while August Comte was of the opinion that society behaves in a regular pattern much like material things and this behavior can be studied and somewhat accurate predictions made. And till date he is regarded as the father of sociology and social science.
         Social science is an area dedicated to the explanation of human behavior, interaction and manifestation , either as an individual or society. Disciplines in the social science include psychology, economics, political science, anthropology, etc. History of the philosophers that want to study science work such as St Augustine and 14th –century historian IBN Khaldun; down to Karl Marx , Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Emile Durheim. One of the main problem of social science is having an invariable and constant relation in the sense that whenever the alleged cause occurs, the effect must also occur. Scholars like J, S, Mill, T.M. News-comb and August Comte have argued on whether it is not better to leave reason as motive, drive or intent and not cause.
          The problems of human person as object of study in social science are according to max weber, methodology of science becomes in applicable due to the fact that the object of study in social science is man , a rational being with freewill desires. Emotions and other sentient features that come into play In his action or reaction. It is on this basis that assumption of rational behavior that the law of demand and supply was formulated : the higher the demand , higher the price, but the higher the supply the lower the price.