NAME: Odewoye Cecilia Oluwatoyin 
COLLEGE: LAW
MATRIC NUMBER: 19/LAW01/165
ASSIGNMENT TITLE: REVIEW OF CHAPTER 8
COURSE TITLE: HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
QUESTION: IN NOT MORE THAN 2 PAGES, DO A REVIEW OF CHAPTER 8 OF TEMIDAYO D. OLADIPO AND NOAH O. BALOGUN, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE: A BRIEF SURVEY. IBADAN: HOPE PUBLICATIONS. PAGES 86-95.
CHAPTER 8: PHILOSOPHY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (AND APPLIED SCIENCES).
The beginning of social sciences started with August Comte who is regarded as the father of sociology and social sciences itself. The introduction of social sciences came about when people started realizing that natural science cannot solve all problems of life during the Renaissance period/Dark ages; this was when the church controlled all the aspects of the people; political, social, economic. The Pope was the final authority on any matter. Social science is an area of study dedicated to the explanation of human behaviour, interaction and manifestation either as an individual in a society or a group of people. Disciplines like sociology, psychology, history, political science, economics fall under social sciences.
Social sciences seek to employ the method of science in the investigation of social phenomena taking of the human being as an object of study. It helps us to understand human in historical and cultural development context which helps influencing and predicting human behaviour. It helps to discover and manipulate, the laws governing most human behaviours. Social sciences advance beyond armchair philosophy the knowledge about the characteristics temperate and associate. Philosophy of social sciences occurs because of the curiosity that the central focus of social science may be impossible due to methodological mismatch. In other words, it is inappropriate to use the method of scientific enquiry to study humans and the society because those methods are used on objects and humans do not behave like objects.
Social sciences problems are best understood when we know that sciences and science explanations have one feature in common which is providing a connection between cause and effect. So for anything to be caused by another there must be:
❖ a stable relationship between the cause and the events.
❖ the two events that must occur must be in the same location or be linked together.
❖ at least must be related temporarily.
❖ have a symmetric relation of the cause must be an actual event.

It is said that every event in the universe, there is a set of conditions such that if the conditions are fulfilled then the event invariably occurs. This means before an event takes place conditions must be done or fulfilled before the events take place.
A problem with the project of social science is that it uses man as its object of study; this is a problem because humans are rational beings with freewill, emotions, desires and other features that come into play in action. Take Economics for an example, the law of demand and supply, sometimes this law does not comply and it could be manipulated, because as humans we have different desires and we are free to do what we want so most times these laws do not follow.