NAME: Ajuonuma-Vin Stephanie.C
MATRIC NO: 19/ENG04/003
DEPARTMENT : ELECT-ELECT
COURSE CODE: CHM 102
Answers
1a. CH3OCH3 : Methoxy methane
b. (CH3CH2CH2CH2)2O : Pentamide
c. CH3CH20CH3 : Methoxyethane
d. CH3CH2OCH3 : Methoxyethane
e. CH3CH2CH2OCH2CH3 : Ethoxypropane
2a. Physical Properties: 
An ether molecule has a net dipole moment due to the polarity of C-O bonds.
The boiling point of ethers is comparable to the alkanes but much lower than thaat of alcohols of comparable molecular mass despite the polarity of the C-O bond.
The miscibility of ethers with water ressembles those of alcohols. Ether molecules are miscible in water. This is attributed to the fact that like alcohol, the oxygen atom of ether can also form hydrogen bonds with a water molecule.
b. Chemical properties:
doesn't react with bases, active metals, oxidizing agents and reducing agents.
Strong acids will cleave  esters at elevated temperature.
When stored in presence of oxygen esters will form explosive peroxides such as diethyl ether peroxide.
3a. Making esters with acid anhydrides:
               This reaction can again be used to make esters from both alcohols and phenols. The reaction are slower than the corresponding reactions with acyl chloride and you ususally need to warm the mixture. In the case of aphenol, you can react the phenol with sodium hydroxide solution first, producing the more reactive phenoxide ion.
              Taking ethanol reacting with ethanoic anhydride as a typical reaction, involving an alcohol. There ia a slow reaction at room teperature (or faster on warming ) There is no visisble change in the colourless liquids, but a amixture of ethyl ethanoate and ethanoic acid is formed.
(CH3CO) 2O + CH3CH2OH      CH3COOCH2CH3CH3 + CH3COOH (2)
             The reaction with henol is similar, but will be slower. Phenyl ethanoate is formed together with ethanoic acid.
              If the phenol is first converted into sodium phenoxide by adding sodium hydroxide solution, the reaction is faster. Phenyl ethanoate is agin formed, but this time, the other product is sodium ethanoate rather that ethanoic acid.
b. Making esters from carboxylic acids: 
            This method can be used for converting alcohols into esters, but it doesn't work with phenols-compound where the -OH group is attached directly to a benzene ring. Phenols react with carboxylic acids so slowly that the reaction is unusable for preparation purposes.
            Esters are produced when carboxylic acids are heated with alcohols in the presence of ana acid catalyst. The catalyst is usually concentrated sulphuric acid. Dry hydroge chloride gas is used in some cases , but these tend to involve aromatic esters ( ones whwere the carboxylic acid contains a benzene ring). The esterification is both slow and reversible.
4.        A small but important use of ethylene oxide is the sterilization of medical equipment, including the sterilization of personal protective equipment used by doctors and hospitals across the country.
           Most ethylene oxide is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals  used to manufacture products such as fabrics for clothes, upholdstery, carpet and pillows.
          Ethylene glycol, which is derived from ethylene oxide, is used to manufacture fiberglass used in products ranging from jet skis to bathtubs to owling balls, as well as polytherne terephalate (PET) plastic resin to make beverage containers and packaging film.